Image by/from John L. Lovell
(Life time: 1825-1903)

Orra White-colored Hitchcock (March 8, 1796 – May 26, 1863) was certainly one of America’s earliest women botanical and scientific illustrators and artists, most widely known for illustrating the scientific works of her husband, geologist Edward Hitchcock (1793-1864), but additionally notable on her own artistic and scientific work.

Orra White-colored was created to some prosperous farming family (Jarib and Ruth Sherman White-colored) in South Amherst, Massachusetts. She was educated with a tutor and also at two “ladies” schools, demonstrated herself a young child prodigy in several scientific and classical subjects, and demonstrated early promise in drawing and painting. From 1813 to 1818 she trained youthful women natural sciences, and also the fine and ornamental arts at Deerfield Academy. Her early training grounded her both in art and science, and she or he continues to be known as the Connecticut River Valley’s “earliest and many frequently printed lady artist.”

On May 31, 1821 Orra White-colored married geologist Edward Hitchcock, principal of Deerfield Academy, minister, professor and third president of Amherst College. Hitchcock’s art was integral towards the work of her husband. She made countless illustrations for Edward Hitchcock’s scientific publications, including detailed landscapes from the Connecticut River Valley for his Massachusetts geological survey volumes, and custom-designed charts that highlighted his local breakthroughs and the classroom lectures. Additionally, she made detailed sketches of native flowers and grasses and small precise watercolors of small local mushrooms. Her jobs are a period-focused chronicle from the scenic, botanically and geologically diverse Connecticut River Valley in western Massachusetts. Orra White-colored Hitchcock, a researcher in their right, had the contemporary status among the valley’s “most distinguished naturalists.”

Between 1817 and 1821 Hitchcock and her husband collected native plants for any conventional herbarium. Simultaneously, she produced a 64-page album of watercolors of approximately 175 local flower and grass examples on her Herbarium parvum, pictum. This colored herbarium is incorporated in the Deerfield Academy Archives.

Within the summer time and fall, she produced a little watercolor album of native mushrooms and lichens, Fungi selecti picti. Edward Hitchcock labeled and catalogued the examples. This colored album is incorporated in the Cruz College Archives a facsimile continues to be printed through the Mortimer Rare Book Room, Cruz College.

Hitchcock made sketches in excess of 200 plates and 1,000 wood-engraved or woodcut illustrations for Edward’s professional publications. The topics incorporated landscapes, geologic strata, examples, and much more. The renowned come in her husband’s seminal works, the 1833 Set of the Geology, Mineralogy, Botany, and Zoology of Massachusetts and it is successor, the 1841 Final Report created as he was Condition Geologist. For that 1833 edition, Pendleton’s Lithography (Boston) lithographed nine of Hitchcock’s Connecticut River Valley sketches and printed them as plates for that work. In 1841, B. W. Thayer and Co., Lithographers (Boston) printed revised lithographs as well as an additional plate. The hands-colored plate “Autumnal Scenery. View in Amherst” Hitchcock’s most often seen work.

Between 1828 and also the 1840s, Hitchcock made countless large and dramatic classroom charts of geologic mix-sections, prehistoric monsters (such as the Megatherium), fossils and ichnological (later known as dinosaur) footprints. She copied scientific illustrations from contemporary works making original illustrations of her husband’s new ideas or breakthroughs, like Ornithichnites, He considered them “indispensable aids” for his lectures. The Amherst College Archives and Special Collections holds a comprehensive assortment of classroom charts.

Hitchcock’s first documented printed drawing comes from an 1818 article by her husband within the periodical Port Folio. On rare occasions, she produced illustrations for other scientists. Hitchcock’s last documented work was her symbolic illustrations on her husband’s Religious Lectures on Peculiar Phenomena within the Four Seasons, including an representational representation of spring along with a stylized rainbow.

Hitchcock elevated 6 surviving children, trained them science and art and it was Edward Hitchcock’s partner in the scientific projects. She traveled together with her husband within the U . s . States and also to England and Europe (in 1850). She’s mom of geologist Charles Henry Hitchcock (1836-1919) and sports and physical eduction and hygiene pioneer Edward Hitchcock, Junior. (1828-1911).

Edward acknowledged his wife’s essential contributions to his operate in the dedication from the Religion of Geology, citing her sketches as increasing numbers of effective than his pen.

Orra White-colored Hitchcock died at 67 on May 26, 1863 from consumption.

Though she wasn’t an experienced professional, Hitchcock’s scientific intellect and also the artistic capability to visually transcribe key scientific concepts and natural phenomena, plants and creatures, enabled her to create substantial contributions towards the knowledge of geology and botany within the first 1 / 2 of the nineteenth century within the U . s . States.[based on whom?]

While printed illustrations exist, only a small amount of Hitchcock’s original works survives. The Amherst College Archives and Special Collections has got the most extensive documentation of her existence and work, within the Edward and Orra White-colored Hitchcock Papers and copies famous Edward Hitchcock’s scientific publications.

The Mead Art Museum at Amherst College held the very first major retrospective exhibition of her operate in 2011, “Orra White-colored Hitchcock (1796-1863): An Amherst Lady of Science and art,” having a catalogue. In 2018, a solo exhibition of her work was featured in the American Folk Art Museum, titled Charting the Divine Plan: The skill of Orra White-colored Hitchcock (1796-1863)

Image by/from Abdullah frères

Mehmed Ali Pasha (November 18, 1827 – September 7, 1878) would be a German-born Ottoman career officer and marshal. He was the grandfather from the Turkish statesman Ali Fuat Cebesoy, and also the great-grandfather of famous poets Nazim Hikmet and Oktay Rifat Horozcu and also the socialist activist, lawyer, and athlete Mehmet Ali Aybar.

Mehmed Ali was created as Ludwig Karl Friedrich Detroit (also referred to as Carl Detroy) in Magdeburg, Prussia. His parents were Carl Friedrich Detroit and Henriette Jeanette Severin. In France They family name suggests Huguenot ancestry, like a descendant of Protestant refugees from France within the 16th or 17th century. Throughout his teenage life in 1843 he ran off to ocean, and traveled towards the Ottoman Empire, where he accepted Islam and it was circumcised. There, in 1846, Ali Pasha, later Grand Vizier, sent him to some military school. He received a commission within the Ottoman Army in 1853 and fought against against Russia within the Crimean War. He is made a brigadier general and Pasha in 1865.

Within the 1877-1878 war against Russia, Mehmed Ali brought the Turkish army in Bulgaria. He was effective in the operations around the Lom river (August-September 1877), but was afterward forced back by his opponents. He unsuccessful to effect a junction with Suleiman Pasha, and it was replaced through the latter. Later in 1878 he would be a participant in the Congress of Berlin.

In August 1878, the Ottoman government selected him to overview the entire process of the cession from the Plav-Gucia region to Montenegro in compliance towards the decisions from the Congress of Berlin. Mehmed Ali Pasha’s first task was the pacification from the Albanian League of Prizren, which opposed the border change included in the areas (Plav-Gucia) were Albanian-lived on. He showed up in Kosovo at the end of August, working to make local Albanians adhere to the Berlin Agreement but was blocked from the further movement for the Ottoman-Montenegrin border through the local committees from the Albanian League. Stationed in Abdullah Pasha Dreni’s estate in Gjakova with several Ottoman battalions he was wiped out on September 6 following a seven-day fight with several 1000 Albanians opposing cessation of Albanian lived on lands to European forces.

Image by/from Famartin

Condition Route 564 (SR 564) is definitely an east-west highway in Clark County, Nevada, within the southeast area of the Vegas Valley. The path travels with the town of Henderson, traveling in the junction of Interstate 215 (I-215) and that i-11 south and that i-515 north, also a part of U.S. Route 93 (US 93) and US 95, to Lake Vegas, ending near Lake Mead. The path was designated in 2002, replacing some of SR 146.

Condition Route 564 begins like a continuation from the Vegas Beltway, beginning where I-215 ends at its junction with I-11 and that i-515, that are concurrent around 93 and US 95. After that, the path travels east along Lake Mead Parkway, a significant arterial roadway, towards downtown Henderson and intersects the Boulder Highway (SR 582). SR 564 continues northeast through Henderson’s residential neighborhoods and turns east just west of Lake Mead National Entertainment Area. SR 564 enters the park, in a point southeast of Lake Vegas, and terminates in the finish of condition maintenance, as the road continues east. Around 52,500 vehicles travel on the road near its western terminus typically every day.

In 4 decades ago, the highways within the condition highway system were renumbered. SR 41 was split up into two condition routes. SR 146 is really a began from I-15 to all of us 93/US 95 in Henderson. SR 147 began from US 93/US 95 to North Vegas. A restricted access highway alignment from US 93/US 85 began construction in 1985-86. An interchange was designed for SR 146 in 1989-90, and also the highway was performed by 1995-96. The designation I-515 was put into the highway. Within the same period, SR 147’s designation was taken off eastern portion of Lake Mead Drive, and substituted with SR 146. Because the Vegas Beltway (I-215) had been built within the late 1990s, the final five miles (8.0 km) between Saint Rose Parkway and Interstate 515 were built around the SR 146 alignment. This left SR 146 in 2 separate segments. The eastern segment of SR 146 was reassigned to SR 564 by 2002. I-215 from SR 146 to SR 564’s western terminus was finished in October 2005.

The whole route is within Henderson, Clark County.

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